The Trunk and Spinal Column

Vertebral column – complex

Abdominal muscles

Bones

3 normal curves within spine

Thoracic spine curves anteriorly

Cervical & lumbar spine curve posteriorly

Spinal curves enable it to absorb blows & shocks

Vertebrae increase in size from cervical to lumbar region due to lower back having to support more weight

Movements

Spinal movements are often preceded by the name given to the region of movement

Movements of the Thorax Concerned with Breathing

Inhalation

Exhalation

What Muscle Is Responsible for 75% of Our Breathing?

Circular - Dome Shaped, Made of Skeletal Muscle and Fibrous Connective Tissue

Insert: Central Tendon

Originate: On Lower 2-6 Ribs, Their Costocartilages, Ziphoid Process, Lumbar Vertebrae

Movements

Spinal flexion

Spinal extension

Lateral flexion (left or right)

Reduction

Spinal rotation (left or right)

Pressure Differentiations Within The Thorax

What Causes Air To Flow In and Out of the Lungs?

As Pressure Decreases -

As Pressure Increases -

Question? What is the nature of the Diaphragm on Inspiration?

Answer:

On Expiration:

Posterior Muscles of the Thorax

Deep Posterior Muscles
Of the Spine (Basically 5 Groups)

Actions: Depend on their location and line of pull.

Spinal:

Movements Illustrated
ABD, ADD

Flexion/Extention

Erector Spinae

The principle movers of the back (spinal extension)

8 parts, youπll only need to know these as a group.

Action:

Extension

Lateral Flexion (oblique LoP)

Cervical Spinal Rotation To Same Side

Primary source of back spasm!

Origin:

Insertion:

Erector Spinae Muscles (sacrospinalis)

Movement of the Erector Spinae

One Side -

Both Sides -

Splenius (Bandage Muscle)

Oblique running muscles below the skull.

What Action?

Lateral flexion –

Since this muscle is posterior, what other action?

Originate:

Insert:

Splenius Muscles (cervicis, capitis)

Atlantoaxial Joint

What kind of joint?

Sub Occipital

Small muscles at the base of the Occipital Lobe.

LoP - Oblique

Originate:

Insert:

Serratus Posterior

Note Line of Pull To Determine Action

Oblique

Origin -

Insertion –

Action

Superior Portion -

Inferior Portion -

Transversospinalis

Origin:

Insertion:

Tranversospinalis Movement

One Side:

Both Sides:

Review

Deep Posteriors

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin:

Insertion:

Action

Sternocleidomastoid On Rotation

Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

Rectus abdominis

External oblique abdominal

Internal oblique abdominal

Both sides:

External Oblique Abdominal Muscle

Both sides:

Internal Oblique Abdominal Muscle

Transversus Abdominis Muscle

Quadratus Lumborum Muscle

Agonists